{"id":576,"date":"2021-02-11T14:45:07","date_gmt":"2021-02-11T14:45:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/134.122.102.56\/SAND\/uk\/?post_type=professionals&#038;p=576"},"modified":"2021-09-07T14:45:35","modified_gmt":"2021-09-07T13:45:35","slug":"post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd-birth-trauma-and-tokophobia","status":"publish","type":"professionals","link":"https:\/\/path-perinatal.eu\/uk\/professionals\/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd-birth-trauma-and-tokophobia\/","title":{"rendered":"Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), birth trauma and tokophobia"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<section id=\"gm9781027\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-m3 section-gm9781027 gutentor-module gutentor-container-cover has-color-bg has-custom-bg\"><div class=\"grid-container\">\n<div id=\"section-ge84f46\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-ge84f46 gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\">Some women can develop postnatal post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following traumatic events during labour and childbirth. This could occur due to a long and painful delivery, unplanned caesarean section, emergency treatment, unexpected and traumatic experiences during birth.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-default\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g787d85\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g787d85 gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\">The traumatic experiences can at times negatively affect mother\u2019s relationship with their baby.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-default\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g32c7d7\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g32c7d7 gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\">Negative subjective experience of childbirth is known to be the most important predictor for postpartum PTSD. Fathers and partners can also experience extreme distress as a result of childbirth.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<section id=\"gm811700b\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-m3 section-gm811700b gutentor-module gutentor-container-cover has-color-bg has-custom-bg\"><div class=\"grid-container gutentor-rm-ct-space-d gutentor-rm-ct-space-t gutentor-rm-ct-space\">\n<div id=\"section-g73fdc3\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g73fdc3 gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><h3 class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong>Common symptoms of PTSD include:<\/strong><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g5c3db9\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e7 section-g5c3db9 gutentor-element gutentor-element-list\"><ul class=\"grid-row gutentor-grid-item-wrap list-indicator-icon\"><li class=\"gutentor-list-item grid-lg-12 grid-md-12 grid-12\"><span class=\"gutentor-single-item gutentor-single-item-0\"><span class=\"gutentor-list-item-wrap g-s-list-wrap\"><span class=\"gutentor-single-list-item-icon\"><i class=\"list-item-icon fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"gutentor-list-item\"><p class=\"gutentor-single-item-title\">Reliving the trauma through flashbacks, nightmares, intrusive thoughts and images<\/p><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"gutentor-list-item grid-lg-12 grid-md-12 grid-12\"><span class=\"gutentor-single-item gutentor-single-item-1\"><span class=\"gutentor-list-item-wrap g-s-list-wrap\"><span class=\"gutentor-single-list-item-icon\"><i class=\"list-item-icon fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"gutentor-list-item\"><p class=\"gutentor-single-item-title\">Feeling hypervigilant or feeling on edge<\/p><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"gutentor-list-item grid-lg-12 grid-md-12 grid-12\"><span class=\"gutentor-single-item gutentor-single-item-2\"><span class=\"gutentor-list-item-wrap g-s-list-wrap\"><span class=\"gutentor-single-list-item-icon\"><i class=\"list-item-icon fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"gutentor-list-item\"><p class=\"gutentor-single-item-title\">Avoidance behaviours<\/p><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"gutentor-list-item grid-lg-12 grid-md-12 grid-12\"><span class=\"gutentor-single-item gutentor-single-item-3\"><span class=\"gutentor-list-item-wrap g-s-list-wrap\"><span class=\"gutentor-single-list-item-icon\"><i class=\"list-item-icon fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"gutentor-list-item\"><p class=\"gutentor-single-item-title\">Difficult feelings and beliefs<\/p><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" \/>\n\n\n\n<section id=\"gm7f625cc\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-m3 section-gm7f625cc gutentor-module gutentor-container-cover has-color-bg has-custom-bg\"><div class=\"grid-container gutentor-rm-ct-space-d gutentor-rm-ct-space-t gutentor-rm-ct-space\">\n<div id=\"section-g502bbb\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g502bbb gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><h3 class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong>Evidence based treatments for PTSD or birth trauma include:<\/strong><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-gee10c4\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e7 section-gee10c4 gutentor-element gutentor-element-list\"><ul class=\"grid-row gutentor-grid-item-wrap list-indicator-icon\"><li class=\"gutentor-list-item grid-lg-12 grid-md-12 grid-12\"><span class=\"gutentor-single-item gutentor-single-item-0\"><span class=\"gutentor-list-item-wrap g-s-list-wrap\"><span class=\"gutentor-single-list-item-icon\"><i class=\"list-item-icon fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"gutentor-list-item\"><p class=\"gutentor-single-item-title\">Trauma focussed cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)<\/p><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"gutentor-list-item grid-lg-12 grid-md-12 grid-12\"><span class=\"gutentor-single-item gutentor-single-item-1\"><span class=\"gutentor-list-item-wrap g-s-list-wrap\"><span class=\"gutentor-single-list-item-icon\"><i class=\"list-item-icon fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"gutentor-list-item\"><p class=\"gutentor-single-item-title\">Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR)<\/p><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"gutentor-list-item grid-lg-12 grid-md-12 grid-12\"><span class=\"gutentor-single-item gutentor-single-item-2\"><span class=\"gutentor-list-item-wrap g-s-list-wrap\"><span class=\"gutentor-single-list-item-icon\"><i class=\"list-item-icon fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"gutentor-list-item\"><p class=\"gutentor-single-item-title\">Medications can be offered if there is concomitant anxiety or depression.<\/p><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-gd458b0\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-gd458b0 gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\">NICE guidelines (CG192) states that professionals should avoid single\u2011session high\u2011intensity psychological interventions with an explicit focus on &#8216;re\u2011living&#8217; the trauma to women who have a traumatic birth.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<section id=\"gm75f5489\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-m3 section-gm75f5489 gutentor-module gutentor-container-cover has-color-bg has-custom-bg\"><div class=\"grid-container\">\n<div id=\"section-gcb73db\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-gcb73db gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><h3 class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong>Fear of childbirth (Tokophobia)<\/strong><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-default\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-gb3131d\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-gb3131d gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\">Tokophobia is the severe fear of childbirth. It can occur if there is past history of birth trauma, PTSD, anxiety disorder, past trauma such as sexual abuse, assault or rape or gynaecological problems.<br><br>Women with tokophobia should be referred to mental health specialists for pregnant women. They can be offered cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). The specialist could also discuss options for giving birth. According to National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance, women should be offered a planned caesarean section if they have had treatment and support but are still too afraid to have a vaginal birth.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<section id=\"gm63e5e3d\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-m3 section-gm63e5e3d gutentor-module gutentor-container-cover has-color-bg has-custom-bg\"><div class=\"grid-container\">\n<div id=\"section-gb51b9e\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-gb51b9e gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><h3 class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong>Please refer to resources on birth trauma and tokophobia below.<\/strong><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-default\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g4027f0\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e7 section-g4027f0 gutentor-element gutentor-element-list\"><ul class=\"grid-row gutentor-grid-item-wrap list-indicator-icon\"><li class=\"gutentor-list-item grid-lg-12 grid-md-12 grid-12\"><span class=\"gutentor-single-item gutentor-single-item-0\"><a class=\"gutentor-single-item-title-link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.birthtraumaassociation.org.uk\/\"><span class=\"gutentor-list-item-wrap g-s-list-wrap\"><span class=\"gutentor-single-list-item-icon\"><i class=\"list-item-icon fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"gutentor-list-item\"><p class=\"gutentor-single-item-title\">Birth Trauma Association<\/p><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/li><li class=\"gutentor-list-item grid-lg-12 grid-md-12 grid-12\"><span class=\"gutentor-single-item gutentor-single-item-1\"><a class=\"gutentor-single-item-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.healthylondon.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/Tokophobia-best-practice-toolkit-Jan-2018.pdf\"><span class=\"gutentor-list-item-wrap g-s-list-wrap\"><span class=\"gutentor-single-list-item-icon\"><i class=\"list-item-icon fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"gutentor-list-item\"><p class=\"gutentor-single-item-title\">Fear of Childbirth (Tokophobia) and Traumatic Experience of Childbirth: Best Practice Toolkit<\/p><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<section id=\"gmf7b1404\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-m3 section-gmf7b1404 gutentor-module gutentor-container-cover has-color-bg has-custom-bg\"><div class=\"grid-container\">\n<div id=\"section-g3b459d\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g3b459d gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><h3 class=\"gutentor-text\"><strong><strong>References<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-background has-white-background-color has-white-color is-style-default\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-g2417fc\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-g2417fc gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text centre\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\">Howard et al Lancet series on Perinatal Mental Health (2014) Non-psychotic mental disorders in the perinatal period.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-background has-white-background-color has-white-color is-style-default\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"section-ge0de54\" class=\"wp-block-gutentor-e1 section-ge0de54 gutentor-element gutentor-element-advanced-text centre\"><div class=\"gutentor-text-wrap\"><p class=\"gutentor-text\">NICE Guidance CG192 Antenatal and postnatal mental health: clinical management and service guidance.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-576","professionals","type-professionals","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/path-perinatal.eu\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/professionals\/576","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/path-perinatal.eu\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/professionals"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/path-perinatal.eu\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/professionals"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/path-perinatal.eu\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=576"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}